Anatomy and Physiology ExamDigestive SystemDo Not Write on This Exam
Correct Order:
Place the following 19 terms in the correct order on the answer sheet for 1-19 from the entrance to the exit of the digestive system.
Ascending colon Jejunum Oral Cavity Pylorus
Cardiac Sphincter Ileum Ileo-cecal Sphincter Esophagus
Rectum Epiglottis Fundus Duodenum
Transverse colon Anal canal Pyloric Sphincter Body (stomach)
Sigmoid Colon Cecum Descending colon
Matching: Answer the following statements on the answer sheet using the 19 terms from the above list (not all of the answers will be used)
20. This part of the large intestine is where most polyps form that cause colon cancer.
21. Longest part of the small intestine, where the majority of the food is broken down and absorbed into the bloodstream.
22. Part of the large intestine that the appendix is attached to.
23. This tube is also known as the food tube. It connects the oral cavity to the stomach.
24. This “flap’ closes over the top of the trachea when food is swallowed to keep it from going down the windpipe.
25. Part of the digestive system that contains such things as the hard and soft palate, toungue and the frenulum.
26. Last part of the small intestine where food that cannot be digested is gathered.
27. Part of the small intestine that the pancreas and gall bladder and stomach release materials into.
Diagram: Using the letters on the diagram, match the letter with the organ it represents on the answer sheet.
28. ______ Pancreas
29. ______ Gall Bladder
30. ______ Stomach
31. ______ Transverse Colon
32. ______ Esophagus
33. ______ Anal Canal/Anus
34. ______ Small Intestine
35. ______ Ascending Colon
36. ______ Liver
37. ______ Descending Colon
Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the answer you believe is correct on the answer sheet for each of the following questions and statements.
38. This organ is responsible for making bile.
39. These are folds in the stomach that increase surface area in order to help in the digestion process.
40. This word is another name for chewing.
41. This substance is made by the digestive system to break down most fats.
42. Indigestible material formed in the large intestine is referred to as ___________.
43. Which of the following layers of the esophagus is responsible for peristalsis?
44. Which of the following layers of the esophagus has blood vessels and nerves in it?
45. What organ releases sodium bicarbonate into the duodenum to neutralize the HCl that enters the small intestine from the stomach?
46. Which organ makes CCK, a hormone that causes the release of bile into the duodenum?
47. Which organ stores bile?
48. This term refers to the hollow tube of digestive organs.
49. This small organ folds upwards in the oral cavity to block food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity.
50. This term refers to the movement of food along the digestive system by the contraction of visceral muscles in the muscularis layer.
51. These finger-like projections of the small intestine increase the surface area to increase the digestion of food and the absorption of materials into the blood stream.
Teeth: Fill in the following blanks with the correct response to the following questions/statements about teeth.
52. Known as bicuspids, these teeth are used for crushing food. _______________
53. Incisors are used to _________ food.
54. These teeth are known as the tricuspids and are use to grind food. ____________.
55. ____________, or cuspids, are used to tear food. Carnivores usually have a mouthful of these teeth.
56. The normal adult will have ______ total teeth.
57. A child with a full set of baby teeth will have ____ teeth.
58. The outer covering of teeth, known as ____________, protects the teeth from plaque and invading bacteria (it is also the hardest substance in the body.)
Matching Part Two: Match the following terms with the statements below and place the correct answer on the blanks provide on the answer sheet.
Rennin Amylase Glucose Glycerol
Amino Acids Fatty Acids Pepsin Lipase
Appendix Digestion Metabolism Diarrhea
Constipation Mesentery Chyme Vitamin K
59. ___ & ___These two enzymes are used to break down proteins.
60. ___ Physical or chemical breakdown of food by the organs such as the oral cavity, stomach and small intestines.
61. ___ Final product that carbohydrates need to be broken down into so that they can be absorbed into the circulatory system.
62. ___ When food passes through the large intestine too quickly (less than 3 hours) this problem may occur.
63. ___ Enzyme that is used to break down lipids.
64. ___ Final product proteins need to be broken down into so that they can be absorbed.
65. ___ Enzyme that is used to break down starch. It can be released by the saliva glands in the oral cavity.
66. ___ Made by the large intestine and absorbed into the bloodstream. It is important to make thrombin to help the natural clotting of blood and stop hemorrhages.
67. ___ & ___Two final products made by breaking down lipids so that they can be absorbed.
68. ___ Connective tissue that holds the small intestines together and also anchors the small intestines to the abdominal cavity walls.
69. ___ Condition that occurs when food passes too slowly through the digestive system (more than 10 hours).
70. ___ Chemical breakdown of food particles and use or storage of those materials.
71. ___ Organ that is vestigial and is attached to the large intestine.
72. ___ Digested material found in the stomach.
Diagram 2: For the following picture of the tooth, match the part of the tooth with the letter on the diagram and place your answer in the correct space on the answer key.
73. Dentin 74. Crown 75. Root 76. Pulp 77. Enamel 